How does it work?
According to the Energy Saving Trust, individual turbines vary in size and power output from a few hundred watts to two or three megawatts (one MW is equal to 1,000 kW). As a guide, a typical domestic system for a home would be 2.5 to 6 kilowatts (kW) depending on the location and size of the house.
Small-scale wind power is particularly suitable for remote locations where conventional methods of electricity supply are expensive or impractical.
Most small wind turbines generate direct current (DC) electricity which is stored in a battery. The DC electricity needs to be converted to AC (alternating current) for mains electricity. You also need a controller to divert power to another useful source (such as space and/or water heaters) when the battery is fully charged.
Wind systems can also be installed where there is already a grid connection. A special inverter and controller converts DC electricity to AC. Any unused or excess electricity can be exported to the grid and sold to the local electricity supply company.
It‘s common to combine this system with a diesel generator for use during periods of low wind speeds. A combined wind and diesel system gives greater efficiency and flexibility than a diesel only system.
What are the practicalities?
It‘s best to have the turbine high on a mast or tower, as wind speed increases with height. The ideal site is a hill with a flat, clear exposure, free from strong turbulence and obstructions such as large trees, houses or other buildings.